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This article's tone or style may not reflect the used on Wikipedia. See Wikipedia's for suggestions. Eau Rouge and Raidillon in 1997, with a maximum gradient in excess of 18%Designed in 1920 by and, the original course used public roads between the Belgian towns of Francorchamps,. The track was intended to have hosted its inaugural race in August 1921, but this event had to be cancelled as there was only one entrant. The first car race was held at the circuit in 1922, and 1924 saw the first running of the now famous race.
The circuit was first used for racing in 1925.The original Spa-Francorchamps circuit was essentially a speed course, with drivers managing higher average speeds than on other race tracks. At the time, the Belgians took pride in having a very fast circuit, and to improve average speeds, in 1939 the former slow uphill U-turn at the bottom of the Eau Rouge creek valley, called the Ancienne Douane (until 1920, there was a customs office here ), was cut short with a faster sweep straight up the hill, called the Raidillon. At Eau Rouge, southbound traffic was allowed to use the famous uphill corner, while the opposite downhill traffic had to use the old road and U-turn behind the grandstands, rejoining the race track at the bottom of Eau Rouge.The old race track continued through the now-straightened Kemmel curves to the highest part of the track (104 metres above the lowest part), then went downhill into Les Combes, a fast, slightly banked downhill left-hand corner towards Burnenville, passing this village in a fast right hand sweep. Near, the Masta straight began, which was only interrupted by the Masta Kink between farm houses before arriving at the town of. Map of the old and new (2004–2006) Spa circuits, overlaidThe Masta Kink 'was by far the most difficult corner in the world', according to, requiring skill and bravery in equal measure to get it right. After a long run from Malmedy, the cars would reach top speed before having to negotiate Masta, a high speed left-right chicane, and a good exit speed was vital as it was followed by another long straight run to Stavelot.
This was a very fast and very dangerous corner, as it was situated right in the middle of two long unbroken straights, both about 1½ miles (2.4 km) long. The speed in this sector could reach 190 mph (305 km/h).Masta was lost to F1 racing after. Jackie Stewart's crusade to improve safety in racing was set in motion by his crash there in, when his ended upside-down in the cellar of the farmhouse on the outside of the corner, with fuel gushing out of the tank onto Stewart, (who had also broken his ribs). At this point, many of the Formula One drivers disliked Spa (including Stewart and, who had some of his greatest wins there) because of the immense speeds that were constant on the track.
While he was spectating at the 1972, Stewart attempted to organise a boycott of the Spa 1000 km race that year, a move that was not respected by many of the drivers, because Spa was still popular with racing drivers outside of Formula One. Stewart later compared the old Spa circuit in 1986 as being as 'ferocious as a tiger', and he later described Masta in an interview in 2011 as perhaps the hardest corner on any racetrack he raced on in his career; even more so than Eau Rouge.Another particularly gruesome story comes from the 1972 24-hour touring car race. During one of his pit stops at night, shouted to his co-driver over the noise from the cars that he should 'look out for body parts at the Masta Kink'. Mass arrived there expecting to see pieces from cars all over the road but was appalled to discover it was in fact the remains of a.After Masta, and at the end of the subsequent Holowell Straight, there used to be a sharp hairpin at the entrance to the town itself, which was later bypassed by a quicker, banked right hand corner. Another fast section of road in the forest leads to Blanchimont. Here, the new short Grand Prix track of 1979 joins the old layout.Eighteen Formula One World Championship Grands Prix were run on the Spa-Francorchamps circuit's original configuration, which was boycotted by F1 in 1969, before the revised circuit banished it to the history books in 1979. The lap record of the old triangle-shaped track is 3 minutes and 13.4 seconds, held by the French driver, driving a at the 1973 Spa 1000 km World Sportscar Championship race at an average speed of 262 kilometres per hour (163 mph), but the fastest ever recorded time of the old Spa circuit was the pole position time for the very same race—3 minutes and 12.7 seconds by in a.New layout.
A satellite view of the modern circuitOver the years, the Spa course has been modified several times. The track was originally 15 kilometres (9 mi) long, but after World War II, the track underwent some changes. In 1930, the chicane at Malmedy was eliminated and bypassed, making the course even faster, but the chicane was re-installed in 1935, albeit slightly different. In 1939, 'Virage de l'Ancienne Douane' was eliminated and cut short, thus giving birth to the Eau Rouge/Raidillon uphill sweeping corner. In 1947, the chicane at Malmedy was again eliminated and bypassed, and was made part of the Masta Straight.
The slight right-hander that was originally Holowell (the corner before Stavelot after the second Masta Straight) was eliminated. And finally, instead of going through a slight left-hander that went into the town of Stavelot and a sharp right-hander at a road junction in Stavelot, a shortcut was built that became a very fast, very wide right-handed turn that bypassed Stavelot. All these changes made the final configuration of the old Spa circuit 14 km (9 mi) long, and also made Spa the fastest open road circuit in the world. In the final years of the old circuit, drivers could average 150 mph (241 km/h).
The biggest change, however, saw the circuit being shortened from 14 km (9 mi) to 7 km (4 mi) in 1979. The start/finish line, which was originally on the downhill straight before Eau Rouge, was moved to the straight before the La Source hairpin in 1981. Like its predecessor, the new layout is still a fast and hilly route through the where speeds in excess of 330 km/h (205 mph) can be reached. Since its inception, the place has been famous for its unpredictable weather, where drivers are confronted with one part of the course being clear and bright while another stretch is rainy and slippery.The circuit probably demonstrates the importance of driver skill more than any other in the world. This is largely due to the Eau Rouge and Blanchimont corners, both which need to be taken to achieve a fast run onto the straights after them, which aids a driver in both a fast lap and in overtaking. Red water ('Eau rouge' in French) on the banks of the river close to the circuit Eau Rouge The most famous part of the circuit is the Eau Rouge and Raidillon combination.
Having negotiated the La Source, drivers race down a straight to the point where the track crosses the stream for the first time, before being launched steeply uphill into a sweeping left-right-left series of corners with a blind summit. Properly speaking, the Eau Rouge corner is only the left-hander at the bottom. The following right-hander that leads steeply uphill, which was introduced in 1939 to shortcut the original Ancienne Douane hairpin, is called. The corner requires an amount of skill from the driver to negotiate it well and the long Kemmel straight ahead produces good overtaking opportunities for drivers at the following 'Les Combes' corner. The corner was tighter and narrower before 1970, allowing drivers to take the corner faster.2005 and 2006 F1 World Champion explained.
— 'You come into the corner downhill, have a sudden change of direction at the bottom and then go very steep uphill. From the cockpit, you cannot see the exit and as you come over the crest, you don't know where you will land. It is a crucial corner for the timed lap, and also in the race, because you have a long uphill straight afterwards where you can lose a lot of time if you make a mistake. But it is also an important corner for the driver's feeling.
It makes a special impression every lap, because you also have a compression in your body as you go through the bottom of the corner. It is very strange – but good fun as well.'
A challenge for drivers has always been to take Eau Rouge/Raidillon flat out. Can take the corner at 160–180 km/h, and cars at over 300 km/h due to high downforce.
World Champion once spoke of the effects of downforce, saying that to get through the corner the drivers have to drive faster, because downforce increases the faster a race car goes. Without lifting the throttle through Eau Rouge, a car would be flat out from La Source, along the Kemmel straight to Les Combes, a total distance of 2.015 km.A loss of control through this section can often lead to a very heavy shunt, as usually the rear end of the car is lost and the resulting impact is often lateral. Several famous racing drivers have crashed while driving through Eau Rouge/Radillon, including in a sportscar, Guy Renard during the 1990 in a Toyota Corolla GT, and in a season-ending crash during a practice session of the in a. Suffered a spectacular crash at the top of Radillon in qualifying during the which he described as 'My best-ever crash'. His teammate followed Villeneuve by having a similar accident later in practice, leading cartoonist to show BAR boss Craig Pollock telling Zonta: 'Jacques is the quickest through Eau Rouge, so go out there and do exactly what Jacques does' It was revealed later that Villeneuve and Zonta had a personal bet to see if either could take the corner flat out.Following the deaths of and at in 1994, the following F1 races saw the introduction of chicanes made up from stacked tyres. The entry to Eau Rouge was obstructed in such a way in 1994, although it was returned to its previous configuration the following year.
The corner was slightly modified for the.Testimony to the fame and beloved character of the Eau Rouge corner can be found in fans' reaction to the circuit in,. When fans first got to see the course configuration at the start of the weekend of the, they noted that an uphill kink on the back straight was very similar to Eau Rouge; the kink was therefore jokingly dubbed 'Faux Rouge' (a on the name of the original Spa corner using the French word 'faux', meaning 'false'). Hamilton, Maurice (5 November 2008).
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